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French submarine Gymnote (S655)
''Gymnote'' (S655) was an experimental submarine of the French Navy. She was a trials submarine for submarine-launched ballistic missiles (SLBM) and powered by diesel electric engines. She is named in honour of , the world's first all-electric submarine built in France in the late 19th century.
The French planned a nuclear propelled submarine in the late 1950s and laid down a hull (no Q244). Because France had not developed uranium enrichment facilities at the time, the planned power plant was to be a heavy water reactor, which could utilize natural uranium. But French engineers were unable to produce a reactor small enough to fit into the submarine, which led to the project being canceled in 1959.〔() 〕
In the early 1960s the French government decided to develop an independent nuclear deterrent based on SLBM's. Hull Q244 was redesigned as a trials submarine with four missile tubes in an extended casing. ''Gymnote'' was commissioned in 1966 and fired the first M-1 missile in 1968. The M-1 missile was subsequently deployed aboard the submarines. She was extensively rebuilt in 1977-79 to enable trials of the new M-4 missile. ''Gymnote'' was decommissioned in 1986.
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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